This page outlines the 2022-23 degree requirements for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Biology Focus). This page is not an official list of degree requirements. Adjustments may be required due to curriculum changes. Current students should refer to their interactive degree audit.
Please contact our academic advisor, Travis, if you have any questions or wish to review your academic plan.
Major Requirements
Required Biology Courses
Introduction to fields and career opportunities in the biological sciences.
- Credits: 1.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-1-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall
- Restrictions: Must be enrolled in one of the following Major(s): Biochem & Molec Biology-Bio Sc, Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Human Biology, Biological Sciences, Computational Biology; Must be enrolled in one of the following Class(es): Freshman, Sophomore
A discussion of the principles of ecology and organismal biology, using the theme of physiological ecology and adaptations. This course will emphasize biodiversity, scientific method, experimental design, and written and oral presentation of results.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Summer
Covers principles of ecology and organismal biology, using the theme of physiological ecology and adaptations. This course will emphasize biodiversity, scientific method, experimental design, and written and oral presentation of results.
- Credits: 1.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-0-3)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Summer
- Co-Requisite(s): BL 1100
Discussion of the major principles by which life is organized. Topics include scientific methods, biological chemistry, cell structure and organization, multicellular organization, diversity of organisms, energetics and photosynthesis, cellular reproduction genetics, gene structure and expression, and recombinant DNA.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Spring, Summer
Topics include scientific methods, biological chemistry, cell structure and organization, multicellular organization, diversity of organisms, energetics and photosynthesis, cellular reproduction genetics, gene structure and expression, and recombinant DNA.
- Credits: 1.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-0-3)
- Semesters Offered: Spring, Summer
- Co-Requisite(s): BL 1200
A study of classical and molecular genetics. Topics include one- and two-locus genetics, recombination, gene structure, regulation and function, quantitative and population genetics, and genetic engineering. Covers both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Spring
- Pre-Requisite(s): BL 1020 or BL 1040 or BE 2400 or (BL 1200 and BL 1210) or (BL 1400 and BL 1410)
A laboratory to complement BL2200. Covers applications of techniques used in genetics, including Mendelian analysis, tetrad analysis, karyotyping, DNA and protein electrophoresis, DNA and plasmid purification, transformation and restriction mapping, and PCR amplification of DNA.
- Credits: 1.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-0-3)
- Semesters Offered: Spring
- Pre-Requisite(s): BL 2200(C)
Introduction to Genomics. Genome organization, mapping and characterization from humans and related organisms. Topics include hierarchical arrangement of genes, genome mapping, molecular markers of physical genome maps, genome sequencing, comparative genomics, analysis of important human genes and their products, and ethical and legal aspects of genomics.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall
- Restrictions: May not be enrolled in one of the following Class(es): Freshman
- Pre-Requisite(s): BL 2200 or FW 3320
This course discusses how biology, math, and computer science combine to form the basis of computational biology. Students will be exposed to the applications of bioinformatics in analysis of DNA and protein sequences and be introduced to common methods for processing this data.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall
- Pre-Requisite(s): BL 1020 or BL 1040 or (BL 1200 and BL 1210) or (BL 1400 and BL 1410)
This course will provide an understanding of cell structure and function with emphasis on eukaryotic cells. Topics include macromolecules, membranes, organelles, cytoskeleton, division, differentiation, cell-cell interactions, intracellular trafficking, protein sorting, cell signaling, and motility.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Spring
- Restrictions: May not be enrolled in one of the following Class(es): Freshman
- Pre-Requisite(s): BL 1020 or BL 1040 or (BL 1200 and BL 1210) or (BL 1400 and BL 1410)
Introduction to the general principles and techniques involved in the study of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Topics include cell structure and function, growth, metabolism, biodiversity, and interaction. Not open to students with credit in BL3310.
- Credits: 4.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-3)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Summer
- Restrictions: May not be enrolled in one of the following Class(es): Freshman
- Pre-Requisite(s): BL 1020 or BL 1040 or (BL 1200 and BL 1210) or (BL 1400 and BL 1410)
Structure, biochemical properties, and function of important biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. Introduces enzyme biochemistry (structure, function, catalysis, kinetics, and inhibition).
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Summer
- Pre-Requisite(s): (BL 1020 or BL 1040 or BE 2400) or (BL 1200 and BL 1210) or (BL 1400 and BL 1410) and (CH 2410 or CH 2420)
Dynamic aspects of living systems. Broad exposure to cellular metabolic pathways, intermediary metabolism and its regulation and bioenergetics.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Spring, Summer
- Pre-Requisite(s): BL 3020
Laboratory techniques basic to biochemistry and molecular biology with emphasis on protein isolation, characterization and kinetics.
- Credits: 2.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-1-3)
- Semesters Offered: Spring
- Pre-Requisite(s): BL 3020(C) or CH 4710(C) or BL 3025(C)
Molecular biology of gene structure, expression and regulation. Also topics covering various molecular techniques and applications of these techniques and biotechnology.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Summer
- Restrictions: May not be enrolled in one of the following Class(es): Freshman, Sophomore
- Pre-Requisite(s): BL 3020 or CH 4710 or BL 3025
Laboratory techniques in molecular biology, including methods of recombinant DNA technology for identification, cloning, and characterization of genes.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (1-0-3)
- Semesters Offered: Fall
- Restrictions: May not be enrolled in one of the following Class(es): Freshman, Sophomore
- Pre-Requisite(s): BL 2200 and BL 4030(C)
Students will develop and improve their skill level in searching for scientific literature, incorporating that into scientific writing, evaluating and incorporating the work of others, and develop critique skills for review of scientific source material and basic statistical methods.
- Credits: 2.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-2-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring
- Restrictions: Must be enrolled in one of the following Major(s): Biochem & Molec Biology-Bio Sc, Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Human Biology, Biological Sciences, Computational Biology; May not be enrolled in one of the following Class(es): Freshman
Required Chemistry Courses
Introduces the foundations of chemistry, including electronic structure of atoms and molecules, intermolecular forces, states of matter, chemical reactions, organic chemistry, chemical equilibria, kinetics, and acid-base chemistry. Includes laboratory component that emphasizes lecture components.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Co-Requisite(s): CH 1151
- Pre-Requisite(s): MA 1031(C) or MA 1032(C) or MA 1120(C) or MA 1160(C) or MA 1161(C) or MA 1135(C) or MA 1121(C) or ALEKS Math Placement >= 56 or CEEB Calculus AB >= 2 or CEEB Calculus BC >= 2 or CEEB Calculus AB Subscore >= 2 or ACT Mathematics >= 22 or SAT MATH SECTION SCORE-M16 >= 540
Laboratory to accompany CH1150.
- Credits: 1.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-0-3)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Co-Requisite(s): CH 1150
- Pre-Requisite(s): MA 1031(C) or MA 1032(C) or MA 1120(C) or MA 1160(C) or MA 1161(C) or MA 1135(C) or MA 1121(C) or ALEKS Math Placement >= 56 or CEEB Calculus AB >= 2 or CEEB Calculus BC >= 2 or CEEB Calculus AB Subscore >= 2 or ACT Mathematics >= 22 or SAT MATH SECTION SCORE-M16 >= 540
A continuation of CH 1150. Introduces more complex concepts in chemistry, including kinetics, chemical equilibria, acid-base equilibria, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, and chemical analysis. Additional topics may include chemistry of the metals and non-metals, biochemical systems, and nuclear chemistry. Includes laboratory component that emphasizes lecture concepts.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Co-Requisite(s): CH 1161
- Pre-Requisite(s): CH 1112 or (CH 1150 and CH 1151)
Laboratory to accompany CH1160.
- Credits: 1.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-0-3)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Co-Requisite(s): CH 1160
- Pre-Requisite(s): CH 1112 or (CH 1150 and CH 1151)
This course is an introduction to organic chemistry focusing on providing the understanding of chemical reactivity of various types of organic molecules through a mechanistic perspective. The emphasis is given to mastering substitution, elimination, and addition mechanisms and their relevance to various kinds of organic compounds
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring
- Co-Requisite(s): CH 2411
- Pre-Requisite(s): CH 1160 and CH 1161
Laboratory to accompany CH2410.
- Credits: 1.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-0-3)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Summer
- Pre-Requisite(s): (CH 2410(C) or CH 2430(C)) and CH 1122 or (CH 1160 and CH 1161)
The course focuses on the methods used to identify the structure of organic molecules, advanced principles of organic stereochemistry, and methods used for the synthesis of complex organic compounds with examples of biological and pharmacological applications.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Spring
- Pre-Requisite(s): CH 2430
Laboratory to accompany CH2420.
- Credits: 2.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-0-4)
- Semesters Offered: Spring, Summer
- Pre-Requisite(s): CH 2411 and (CH 2420(C) or CH 2440(C))
Ideal and non-ideal gas laws, the kinetic theory of gases, equations of state, liquid-vapor equilibrium, the laws of thermodynamics, solid-liquid-vapor equilibria, the chemical potential, chemical equilibrium, electrochemistry, the phase rule, phase diagrams, and chemical kinetics.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Pre-Requisite(s): CH 1122 or (CH 1160 and CH 1161) and MA 2160 and (PH 2200(C) or PH 2260(C))
Examines fundamental physical principles underlying complex biological systems in order to understand the interactions and behaviors found in biological, biochemical, and physical systems. Topics include macromolecules in aqueous environments, spectroscopy and structure determination, kinetics, membranes, and transport phenomena.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Spring
- Pre-Requisite(s): BL 1020 or BL 1040 or (BL 1200 and BL 1210) or (BL 1400 and BL 1410) and CH 1122 or (CH 1160 and CH 1161) and MA 2160 and PH 2200
Required Math Courses
An introduction to single-variable calculus, which includes a computer laboratory. Topics include trigonometric, exponential, and logarithmic functions, differentiation and its uses, and basic integration. Integrates symbolic tools, graphical concepts, data and numerical calculations.
- Credits: 4.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-3-1)
- Semesters Offered: Fall
- Pre-Requisite(s): ALEKS Math Placement >= 86 or CEEB Calculus AB >= 3 or CEEB Calculus BC >= 3 or CEEB Calculus AB Subscore >= 3 or ACT Mathematics >= 29 or SAT MATH SECTION SCORE-M16 >= 680
Continued study of calculus, which includes a computer laboratory. Topics include integration and its uses, function approximation, vectors, and elementary modeling with differential equations.
- Credits: 4.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-3-1)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Pre-Requisite(s): MA 1160 or MA 1161 or MA 1135 or MA 1121 or CEEB Calculus AB >= 3 or CEEB Calculus BC >= 3 or CEEB Calculus AB Subscore >= 3
Introduction to the design and analysis of statistical studies in the health and life sciences. Topics include study design, descriptive and graphical methods, probability, inference on means, categorical data analysis, and linear regression.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-3-0)
- Semesters Offered: Spring
- Pre-Requisite(s): MA 1135 or MA 1160 or MA 1161 or MA 1121 or MA 2160(C) or MA 3160(C)
Required Physics Courses
A calculus-based introduction to classical mechanics. Topics include kinematics, Newton's laws, impulse and momentum, work and energy, and the universal law of gravitation. C or better/AP credit in Calc 1 or co-requisite registration in PH2110 required.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Pre-Requisite(s): PH 1100(C) and (MA 1160 or MA 1161 or MA 1121 or MA 1135) or (CEEB Calculus AB >= 3 or CEEB Calculus BC >= 3 or CEEB Calculus AB Subscore >= 3 and MA 2160(C) or MA 3160(C))
Experiments covering kinematics, force, conservation of momentum, conservation of energy, and waves are explored through guided construction. The course emphasizes understanding physical concepts through inquiry and the scientific method
- Credits: 1.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-0-2)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Pre-Requisite(s): MA 1160(C) or MA 1161(C) or MA 1121(C)
A calculus-based introduction to electromagnetism. Topics include Coulomb's law, electric fields, Gauss's law, electric potential, capacitance, circuits, magnetic forces and fields, Ampere's law, induction, Maxwell's equations, and electromagnetic waves.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Pre-Requisite(s): (PH 1200(C) or PH 2261(C)) and (PH 2100 or PH 1160) and MA 2160
Experiments covering Coulomb's law, electric and magnetic fields, circuits, induction, and geometric optics are explored through guided construction. The course emphasizes understanding physical concepts through inquiry and the scientific method.
- Credits: 1.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-0-2)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Pre-Requisite(s): PH 1100 or PH 1111 or PH 1141 or PH 1161
Capstone Requirement
Assessment of experiential learning and preparation for post-graduate work, professional training, or graduate school.
- Credits: 1.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-1-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring
- Restrictions: Must be enrolled in one of the following Class(es): Senior
- Pre-Requisite(s): BL 3782
Experiential Learning Requirement
Choose at least 5 credits from the following options:
Students conduct empirical, theoretical, or computational research in biochemistry under the direction of a faculty member. The work culminates in a written report, product, or presentation resulting from the work performed. Specifics to be agreed upon between faculty mentor and student.
- Credits: variable to 6.0; Repeatable to a Max of 9
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Restrictions: Permission of instructor required
This course offers hands-on training in genome editing design and implementation. Objectives will include knockout, tagging, and targeted mutation of genes in model organisms or cell lines. The history and ethics of genome editing will be discussed.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (2-0-3)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, in odd years
- Restrictions: May not be enrolled in one of the following Class(es): Freshman, Sophomore, Junior
- Pre-Requisite(s): BL 2200 or FW 3230
This course is an overview of techniques involved in genomics including hands-on experience in next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms, and NGS sequence analysis including de novo assembly, gene annotation, and analysis including comparative genomics, pathway mapping, and core and pan genome analysis.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, in odd years
- Pre-Requisite(s): BL 2200
This course is designed as a hands-on experience in eukaryotic genomic experiments involving next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, including eukaryotic gene annotation, comparative genomics, and gene regulation analyses.
- Credits: 3.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (3-0-0)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, in even years
- Pre-Requisite(s): BL 2200 and BL 2210
Development of teaching skills through assisting in the instruction of a section of biological sciences laboratory. Students gain experience in leadership, group work, organization skills, laboratory preparation, and laboratory instruction.
- Credits: variable to 4.0; Repeatable to a Max of 9
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Restrictions: Permission of instructor required
Practical and didactic internship experience directly related to student's course of study in biochemistry and molecular biology, bioinformatics, biological sciences, or ecology. Students conduct work at an approved internship site in addition to academic assignments that encourage them to connect their professional and academic experience.
- Credits: variable to 9.0; Repeatable to a Max of 9
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Restrictions: Permission of instructor required
Interdisciplinary teams work as part of an enterprise to address real-world design projects or problems. Third-year students practice designing approaches to solve problems and develop procedures to achieve specified project objectives.
- Credits: 1.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-0-3)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Restrictions: Must be enrolled in one of the following Class(es): Junior, Senior
Interdisciplinary teams work as part of an enterprise to address real-world projects or problems of significance to industry, government and communities. Fourth-year students gain experience in defining project objectives and planning strategies to achieve these objectives, and leading teams to accomplish project goals. This course is for students who are not participating in Enterprise to fulfill their capstone requirements.
- Credits: 2.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-0-6)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Restrictions: May not be enrolled in one of the following College(s): College of Engineering; Must be enrolled in one of the following Class(es): Senior
Interdisciplinary teams work as part of an enterprise to address real-world projects or problems of significance to industry, government and communities. Fourth-year students gain experience in defining project objectives and planning strategies to achieve these objectives, and leading teams to accomplish project goals. This course is for students who are not participating in Enterprise to fulfill their capstone requirements.
- Credits: 2.0
- Lec-Rec-Lab: (0-0-6)
- Semesters Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer
- Restrictions: May not be enrolled in one of the following College(s): College of Engineering; Must be enrolled in one of the following Class(es): Senior
Free Electives
Choose 5-7 free elective credits. Free electives are any class that is 1000-level or higher, but are not co-curricular courses.
General Education
General Education is an important and required component of every Michigan Tech degree. Students are required to take 12 credits within the core general education courses and 12 credits within humanities, arts, and social sciences. In addition every Michigan Tech student is required to take 3 credits of co-curricular activities; these credits are required for graduating, but not included in the GPA calculations or in the overall credits required for the degree. Read more details about the general education requirements on the Registrar's Office website.